English-concordant and Spanish-concordant families asked a similar number of questions (0.65 difference, p=0.9)
Source
Jaramillo (2016). The Hispanic Clinic for Pediatric Surgery: A model to improve parent-provider communication for Hispanic pediatric surgery patients. Journal of Pediatric Surgery.
Description #
On pairwise t-test, the concordant-English and concordant-Spanish groups asked a statistically indistinguishable number of questions (difference in means 0.65, p = 0.9) (Table 3). Because the two concordant groups differ in patients' native language but not in concordance, this null difference indicates that concordance — not English proficiency or ethnicity — drives question-asking. The authors interpret it this way in the Discussion.
"Pairwise comparison showed that English and Spanish concordant participants asked similar number of questions (p = 0.9)" (Jaramillo, 2016, p. 672)
"indicating that it is language concordance and not the patient's native language or ethnicity that is driving different question-asking behavior." (Jaramillo, 2016, p. 673)
Methods Context #
What? #ⓘ
The observable: the count of patient-initiated questions per clinical visit, compared pairwise between the two language-concordant groups.
"four trained research assistants listened to the audio recording of the encounter and measured the number of patient-asked questions related to eliciting medical information and the length of the visit with the surgeon." (Jaramillo, 2016, p. 672)
How? #ⓘ
Pairwise Student's t-tests on the audio-derived question counts across concordance groups. The concordant-Spanish arm received care via A-0013ArtifactA-0013Initial AI draftThe Hispanic Clinic for Pediatric SurgeryA dedicated language-concordant outpatient clinic model at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital (Stanford) in which Spanish-speaking LEP families of pediatric surgery patients are cared for directly by a fluent Spanish-spe….
"We examined comparisons of continuous variables among the three exposure groups using one-way analysis of variance and pairwise analysis using student's t-tests." (Jaramillo, 2016, p. 672)
Who? #ⓘ
The concordant-English (57) and LEP concordant-Spanish (52) arms of the 156-family cohort at a single academic children's hospital.
"A total of 156 families were enrolled including 57 concordant-English, 52 LEP concordant-Spanish and 47 LEP discordant families." (Jaramillo, 2016, p. 672)
Other Notes #
The difference in average values (0.65) and p-value (0.9) for LC-Eng vs LC-Sp are given in Table 3.